Implementation of wideband integer and fractional delay element - Electronics Letters

where v, is the initial velocity of the electrons, x j s the distance from the ridge centre into the drift section and V cos mt, is the voltage drop across the ridged gap in the cavity measured at t = to. For a negligible-electron transit time and a very small hole opening of cavity, V = E&’ with Eo the peak amplitude of the electric field at the hole opening. Consequently the hunching current may be analytically calculated and compared with those calculated from our TLM computation.